At the end of 20th, with the popularity of the intertnet, popular vocabulary in Chinese cyberspace has emerged as the time require. It has become the focus of linguits’ research. The use of popular cyber vocabulary in modern people’s lives is expanding. As a product of language development to a certain stage, popular cyber vocabulary has its own characteristics. This paper starts from the characteristics of popular cyber vocabulary, and explains its application in modern communication and its difference with modern Chinese. This book combines the current popular cyber vocabulary to illustrate the main forms of popular cyber vocabulary from four language aspects: phonetics, vocabulary, grammar and semantics. For example, cyber homophonic words are an important part of popular cyber vocabulary. At present, the newly emerging cyber homophones in cyberspace can be divided into four types: alphabetic, Chinese character, numeral and hybrid. The emergence of these vocabularies have a certain impact on peoples’s language expression, language communication and entertainment of online communication, but cyber homophonic words have ambiguity and uncertainity, and need to be further standardised. This book also expounds the popular cyber symbols, and studies the classification and characteristics of popular cyber symbols. It is found that there are more and more uncivilised and vulgar popular cyber vocabularies in the cyberspace. Therefore, it is recommended that the popular cyber vocabulary of civilisation be especially important.